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1. The three wires used to carry electricity from one place to another are:
2. Live wire (L): The live wire has an insulation that is red in color, it carries high voltage and brings in the current.
3. Neutral wire (N): The insulation of the neutral wire is black in color and provides a return path for the current to flow in. It has zero potential.
4. Earth wire (E): The insulation of the earth wire is green in color. It has no charge.
5. Hence, the three wires are Live, Neutral, and Earth.
While the terms wire and cable are often used interchangeably, technically a wire is one electrical conductor and a cable is multiple conductors, or a group of wires, encased in sheathing.
Electric wires are typically made of aluminum or copper. They are either bare or insulated and typically covered in a thin layer of thermoplastic. If they have a thermoplastic sheath, then the thermoplastic is colored to indicate whether the wire is a neutral, ground or hot wire in your electrical installation. We discuss wire colors in a section of this guide.
Cables contain at least a neutral wire, ground wire and hot wire that are twisted or bonded together. Depending on its purpose, the cable may contain more wires. The wires in a cable are insulated in their own color-coded layer of thermoplastic. The group of wires is then encased in an outer sheath to make up the single cable.
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