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CAS 472-61-7, also known as p-Xylene, is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet, floral odor. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon mainly used as a raw material in the production of isophthalic acid via the oxidation process. This article will provide you with everything you need to know about p-Xylene.
Step 1: What is p-Xylene?
p-Xylene is a type of isomer of xylene, which is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet, floral odor, and low boiling point. The "p" in p-xylene stands for para or para-xylene, which refers to the position of the two methyl groups relative to each other on the benzene ring.
Step 2: What are the Properties of p-Xylene?
p-Xylene is a colorless, flammable liquid with a boiling point of 138-139°C and a melting point of -48°C. It has a molecular weight of 106.17 g/mol and a density of 0.861 g/mL at 20°C. p-Xylene is soluble in most organic solvents but insoluble in water.
Step 3: What are the Applications of p-Xylene?
p-Xylene is mainly used as a raw material for the production of isophthalic acid, which is an important component in the manufacture of polyester fibers, films, and resins. It is also used in the production of other chemicals such as terephthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, and dimethyl terephthalate. In addition, p-Xylene is used as a solvent, a chemical intermediate, and in the production of dyes.
Step 4: What are the Health and Safety Precautions of p-Xylene?
p-Xylene is a hazardous chemical and must be handled with care. It may cause skin and eye irritation, and prolonged exposure may lead to central nervous system depression. It is also flammable and may ignite at temperatures over 30°C. For safety, it is recommended that personal protective equipment is worn, such as gloves, goggles, and protective clothing.
Step 5: How is p-Xylene Produced?
p-Xylene is produced by the catalytic reforming of petroleum naphtha or from coal tar. The process involves the use of a catalyst such as platinum or palladium on an alumina support, which facilitates the reaction between hydrocarbons to form p-xylene.
Conclusion:
In summary, p-Xylene is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet, floral odor, mainly used as a raw material in the production of isophthalic acid. It has various applications in the chemical industry and requires proper handling and safety precautions due to its hazardous nature. The production of p-xylene involves catalytic reforming and the use of a catalyst to facilitate the reaction.
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